By Karleia Steiner
Many people know about gum disease, but what they might not know is just how serious it can be. With so many news releases about diseases like cancer, high blood pressure and diabetes, many people think very little of their oral care beyond just a daily brushing. However, for many people, gum disease can threaten their life.
The Two Types of Gum Disease
There are two types of gum disease. Many are familiar with the milder form, gingivitis, what they are not familiar with is the more serious form, periodontitis.
Gingivitis
Gingivitis is caused by plaque and tarter buildup on your teeth. Plaque accumulates on your teeth naturally when you eat. If the bacteria is not removed, it can form into a harder substance known as tarter. Tarter requires professional dental care in order for it to be removed. If plaque and tarter remain on teeth, gingivitis can form. The obvious signs of this gum disease are swelling, bleeding gums, and gums that are red.
Periodontitis
Periodontitis can form if gingivitis is not treated. Though it is uncommon for people under 30 years of age to develop periodontitis, it is not impossible. The gums will recede from your teeth, leaving empty pockets. These spaces can become infected. Nashville Periodontal Group has said there is treatment for receding gums. Also, the body’s immune system will fight the infection. However, the immune system, as well as the bacterial toxins, will destroy the bone and connective tissues that hold your teeth in place. Teeth that are affected by the infection will have to be removed.
Additional Dangers
Beyond losing teeth, there have been case studies that have shown where infections were able to enter the blood stream through the open gum line. These infections can cause cardiovascular disease and even death. These studies can be found in the American Journal of Cardiology (AJC) and the Journal of Periodontology.
How to Prevent Gum Disease
The good news is that gum disease in any form can be treated and prevented. Basic steps that you can take at home include the obvious brushing. Make sure to use a quality toothpaste that dentists recommend. Make sure to visit your dentist twice a year for routine cleaning and examination. During that time, report anything new or alarming that has developed after your last visit. If you smoke, make a strong effort to quit. Smokers have an increased risk of gum disease, along with other chronic diseases.
If your gum disease is more aggressive, medication and/or surgery may be needed to treat it. Surgery can include flap surgery and bone grafts. The flap surgery may be required if pockets still exist after deep cleaning and medication treatments. The surgery will clean the pockets and help you and your dentist keep the area clean. Bone grafts can help repair lost bone and connective tissue.
If you notice any signs or symptoms of gum disease, make an extra appointment with your dentist to discuss treatment options. Early detection and prevention can greatly reduce the pain and frustration of gum disease.
Sources:
http://www.nidcr.nih.gov/OralHealth/Topics/GumDiseases/PeriodontalGumDisease.htm
http://www.perio.org/consumer/types-gum-disease.html
