Dry eyes are caused by inadequate or poor quality tear production. Most people experience the discomfort of dry eyes occasionally, but some people develop chronically dry eyes. Medical conditions such as diabetes, Sjogren’s syndrome and lupus can lead to dry eyes. Some medications can cause dry eyes too. Older people, particularly older women, may develop chronic dry eye for no apparent reason. Individuals who experience dry eye symptoms frequently should seek medical help for five reasons:
1. Comfort
The primary motivation for individuals to seek treatment for dry eyes is to relieve the discomfort. Dry eyes sting, burn and turn red. Some individuals with chronically dry eyes experience unpleasant episodes of excessive tearing as well.
2. Difficulty working
Individuals who have to use a computer or read for long periods of time as part of their job may find it very difficult to complete their tasks if they have untreated dry eyes. Staring at a computer screen with dry eyes can cause severe eye pain.
3. Visual acuity
Dry eye sufferers may experience a decline in visual acuity. Blurry vision, particularly towards the end of the day, is a common complaint. Individuals who rely on contact lenses to correct their vision may find it difficult or impossible to wear their lenses due to the discomfort.
4. Infections
Chronic dry eye sufferers tend to have frequent eye infections. One of the major functions of tears is to protect the eye from infection. This could cause other health problems if not treated promptly.
5. Scarring
If chronic dry eye isn’t treated, the damage caused by the dryness can lead to scarring of the cornea. Scarring of the cornea can cause significant vision problems. The only treatment for a scarred cornea is a corneal transplant.
Treatment for mild dry eyes consists of applying lubricating eye drops. If an underlying medical condition is causing the dry eyes, treating the condition may cure the problem. If the oil glands are blocked, a special procedure to unblock them may be very effective. Taking omega-3 fatty acid supplements can improve dry eye symptoms in many people.
For other cases, prescription eye drops that control inflammation or promote tear production may be recommended. Special inserts that protect the surface of the eye are also available. These inserts are tiny devices that are placed under the eyelid once a day. They slowly dissolve and create a protective layer over the cornea.
If the condition is more severe, surgery on the eyelids or tear ducts may be recommended. It’s important to see an optometrist regularly to help treat dry eyes and prevent further problems. Informational credit to Optometrists Clinic Inc.
