Showing posts with label prostate gland. Show all posts
Showing posts with label prostate gland. Show all posts

Ejaculation occurs as a part of the male sexual response cycle, and is the release of semen from the penis. During sex or masturbation, semen collects in the ejaculatory ducts, situated at the ends of the vas deferentia where they join the seminal vesicles in the prostate gland. When the man reaches close to orgasm, a spinal reflex causes rhythmic contractions in the urethra, penis and prostate gland to begin, propelling semen through the urethra and out of the tip of the penis. Once a man reaches a point of sexual arousal, he can’t prevent ejaculation. This feeling that passes the point of control is known as ejaculatory inevitability. The contractions of the prostate, perineal muscles and shaft of the penis begin at 0.8 second intervals, the same as in women, and account for the spurting action that happens during ejaculation. The intervals between contractions become longer and the intensity begins to decrease and taper off after the first three or four contractions. The semen doesn’t actually appear until a few seconds after the ejaculatory inevitability begins, because of the distance the fluid needs to travel through the urethra. As the man is ejaculating, the internal sphincter in the urinary bladder is tightly sealed so that urine and the seminal fluid don’t mix as the semen moves out of the body.


Orgasm and male ejaculation aren’t the same process, though in most men the processes occur at the same time. Orgasm specifically refers to the sudden and rhythmic muscle contractions in the pelvic region, as the release of sexual tension begins and a pleasurable sensation occurs. Ejaculation can sometimes occur during sleep for men and is an involuntary process. This is known as nocturnal emissions or ‘wet dreams’, and commonly occurs in adolescents. There are several types of ejaculation, with some resulting in this fine-tuned process being disrupted. The first is retrograde ejaculation where the bladder’s sphincter doesn’t close properly and semen spurts back into the bladder. This is often found in men who have diabetes, multiple sclerosis and after some forms of prostate surgery. It also sometimes occurs in men who don’t have serious problems though. This isn’t physically painful but it does leave the man infertile and the sensation during ejaculation may be different. It’s often referred to as a ‘dry come’ because there is an orgasm but no seminal fluid is released.


 


Premature ejaculation is a condition where the man comes too quickly, and has no control over the timing of the build-up of ejaculation. Retarded ejaculation is also known as delayed ejaculation, and is a conditioned where the sexual response is a problem. It’s sometimes known as ejaculatory incompetence, in which a man is unable to ejaculate even when he is highly aroused. Lastly, there is female ejaculation which has sparked much debate among researchers. Some people believe it is possible for a woman to expel fluid from the urethra at the time of orgasm through G Spot stimulation. It’s thought that the fluid released comes from the female prostate, which are rudimentary glands that surround the urethra. The composition of the fluid has also been debated, with some researchers claiming it’s not urine and others stating that it is. Not all women experience an ejaculatory response to G Spot stimulation, with research suggesting that between 10 and 40 per cent of women have ever experienced ejaculation. However, for those who do find it occurs, it is perfectly normal and not harmful in any way.

As a man, your prostate gland is an essential part of your sexual health, as it is a key component in your reproductive system. Therefore, it’s important to know everything you can about your prostate, as knowing what’s normal can help you to protect your wellbeing when something goes wrong. So let’s take a closer look – figuratively speaking – at your prostate gland, and how it has an impact on your overall wellness.


 


While it’s commonly known as the prostate gland, it is not really a gland at all, but rather an organ that is made up of about 70% glandular tissue and 30% fibromuscular tissue. If you’re a male adult, your prostate gland will be about the size and shape of a walnut and weigh roughly 20 grams. You’ll find your prostate gland directly beneath your bladder and in front of your rectum, surrounded by a thick fibrous capsule. This glandular tissue of your prostate will secrete a fluid that will contribute to 20 to 30% of your overall volume of seminal fluid. While your prostate is always generating this fluid, it will really up its production when you’re sexually excited.


 


Your semen is made of a combination of spermatozoa, seminal vesicle fluid and prostatic fluid, as well as a tiny amount of fluid from some minor glands. The fluid created by your prostate gland is a thin, milky substance that gives your semen its characteristic colour and odour. In these secretions, there will be concentrations of calcium, zinc, citric acid, acid phosphatase, albumin, and prostatic specific antigen. Not only do these substances help to lubricate your urethra, but they also protect, nourish and mobilise your sperm when they get into the usually acidic environment of the female vagina.


 


Your prostate will grow very little when you’re a kid, but once you hit puberty it will undergo a growth spurt, increasing in weight and doubling its size. After this, the size of your prostate will more or less remain the same for another 30 years or more. Some men, in fact, find that their prostate never grows after puberty. This is healthy, but the unfortunate truth is that most men will experience prostate growth later in life, which is a real wellness issue. Some form of non-malignant enlargement of the prostate, medically known as benign prostatic hyperplasia, or BPH, is a likely thing for you to experience. The American Foundation for Urologic Disease estimates that more than half of men aged 50 and above have enlarged prostates, which is a number that steadily increases with age. While you may escape the over-50 bracket, by age 80 it is estimated that 80% of men have prostatic enlargement. So why is an enlarged prostate such a wellness concern?


 


If your prostate gland becomes enlarged, it can get in the way of the flow of urine through your ureters. If this happens, the blockage can cause a backpressure in your kidney which, if left untreated, can lead to chronic kidney disease. The good news is, however, that there are more and more medical and nutritional treatment approaches to this common male disorder that ever before, so the problem shouldn’t threaten your wellbeing as long as you get your prostate checked and treated. Aside from benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), other conditions of the prostate include prostatitis (inflammation of the prostate) and prostate cancer. Again, as prostate cancer is currently the second leading cause of death from cancer in men (the first being lung cancer) the American Cancer Society and the American Urological Association currently recommend that healthy you begin an annual habit of rectal examination after the age of 40 and a rectal exam and a simple blood test to monitor prostate-specific antigen levels (called PSA) once you turn 50.

In order to protect your sexual health – and overall wellbeing – against prostate cancer, you need to be well-informed. By knowing your enemy, so to speak, you can get proactive with your treatment in the best way for you as an individual, or even guard your wellness against prostate cancer in the first place. So what exactly is prostate cancer, and what can you do to prevent it?


 


Prostate cancer is a tumour that grows in your prostate gland, which is the part of your reproductive system that stores seminal fluid (the substance that mixes with sperm to form semen). Sometimes, prostate cancer can grow slowly over a period of many years, while at others it may grow rapidly and spread swiftly to other parts of the body. Prostate cancer has been known to spread its cells throughout your lymph system or bloodstream and along nerve pathways. In some cases, men with prostate cancer experience no symptoms, which is why it is so important to have your prostate checked by a doctor on a regular basis.


 


Sometimes, however, prostate cancer does exhibit certain signs and symptoms. These include:


  • Blood in your urine or semen

  • Dribbling when urinating

  • Erectile dysfunction

  • Frequent urination, especially at night

  • Painful urination and/or ejaculation

  • A smaller stream of urine

  • An urgent need to urinate

  • Painful bony sites (if the cancer has spread to other parts of the body)

  • Occasional nerve paralysis or loss of bladder function

 


Unfortunately, the cause of prostate cancer remains unknown, although it is thought that your hormones – such as testosterone – may contribute to the disease as they control the growth of your prostate gland. Viruses or chronic infections may contribute to prostate cancer, and there’s also a link between the disease and common cancer-causing substances in the environment. Plus, researchers have recently identified a gene that is linked to some cases of prostate cancer. While the exact cause of prostate cancer remains unclear, scientists have identified five key risk factors:


 


1. Advanced age: Prostate cancer is seen mostly in men over the age of 55.


 


2. Diet: While a high-fat diet may increase your risk of prostate cancer, fruits, vegetables, and fatty fish may lower your risk.


 


3. Ethnicity: Prostate cancer is less common in American Indian and Asian men, occurring most often in African and northern European ethnic groups.


 


4. Family history: If your father or brother has had prostate cancer, your risk for the disease is heightened.


 


5. Other risk factors: Men who have had a vasectomy, who smoke, or who have been exposed to a metal called cadmium may also be at an increased risk of prostate cancer.


 


So that’s prostate cancer, but what can be done to prevent the disease? While prostate cancer cannot be completely prevented, prostate screening with exams and blood tests helps with early diagnosis. According to the American Cancer Society (ACS), a digital rectal exam should also be offered every year to men 50 years of age or older who have a life expectancy of at least 10 years. The ACS also recommends that a prostate-specific antigen test (a PSA blood test) be offered every year to these men. However, if you have one of the above noted risk factors for prostate cancer – such as a high-risk ethnic origin or family history of the disease – you should start getting screened for prostate cancer at the age of 45. Finally, make sure you make good dietary choices, as this lowers your risk for the disease. Your diet should be low in fat, while packed with fruits, vegetables, and fatty fish.