Showing posts with label fungal infection. Show all posts
Showing posts with label fungal infection. Show all posts

Nappy rash is one of the most common problems for newborns and young children. It is known that most babies will suffer from it at some point. Generally it is not actually a disease in the traditional sense of the word, but just an irritation of the skin that is relatively easy, if time consuming to manage and improve. When your baby has a wet or dirty nappy that has been left touching their skin for too long, they often suffer from the irritations. This is increasingly true of children who suffer with diarrhoea. It is well known that the cause of nappy rash is from ammonia. The baby’s waste products can turn into ammonia if the nappy isn’t changed in a while and then their waste products begin eat into their skin, which can then get inflamed and start to sting. However it is also true that a fungal infection, which comes about due to dampness under the nappy, can also be the cause of nappy rash, although this happens much less often.


While you might not think it is true, everybody has fungi on their skin from birth, but it only grows when conditions are right. But contrary to popular belief, fungi do not grow due to a lack of hygiene. Instead it’s actually wetness or changes in the skin conditions that create the prime conditions for it to grow. Obviously, a fungal infection is not a very nice experience for your baby because it can sting the skin – especially when the baby wets or dirties its nappy. Sometimes the standard form of nappy rash can combine with a fungal infection to create very uncomfortable conditions. So what is the best way to help your baby avoid nappy rash entirely? This is something that every parent dreams of fining – a miracle cure for one of the world’s most common problems – but often it’s actually the simple basic things that minimise the risk for your child. Some mothers believe that applying baby powder to the nappy is a good idea, while others think that using Vaseline is your best bet.


While using baby powder can be effective in some situations in cannot be recommended as a method for lining the baby’s nappy. The powder may form a bacterial culture which will actually only serve to make things worse for your baby’s condition. Equally some babies are actually allergic to baby powder and obviously if you combine an allergic reaction with problematic nappy rash it creates an even more serious problem. Vaseline may be a good idea as it can help to lubricate the baby’s skin and may form a protective layer, but this should not be considered a good overall treatment for nappy rash. Instead it’s actually the simple things that can help you avoid nappy rash. Ensure that your baby gets a few hours a day without their nappy on. This gives the skin time to breathe and makes sure the fungal infections do not get the opportunity to grow. Regularly changing the nappy is also an excellent idea as primarily it is leaving a wet or dirty nappy on for too long that is most serious problem regarding nappy rash. If you can follow these ideas it will massively reduce your baby’s risk and keep their skin in better condition. If you find that you follow these steps and there is still a prominent rash, consider going to the doctor as it may be a less common condition.

C0049488-thrush-fungus-342x198[1]Antifungal medicines are used to treat fungal infections.


Fungal infections


Fungi are plant-like organisms that feed by breaking down living tissue.


Fungi that cause infections in humans are known as dermatophytes. Dermatophytes are particularly attracted to a type of tissue called keratin, which is a tough, waterproof tissue found in many parts of the body such as in the:


  • nails

  • hair

  • skin’s outer surface

This explains why fungal infections often occur on the skin, nails and scalp.


Common fungal infections


Antifungal medicines may be used to treat the following common fungal infections:


  • ringworm – which causes a ring-like red rash on the skin of the body or scalp

  • athlete’s foot – which affects the skin on the feet, causing it to become red, flaky and itchy

  • fungal nail infection – which causes the toenails or fingernails to become thickened and discoloured, and sometimes brittle, with pieces of nail breaking off

  • vaginal thrush – which causes irritation and swelling of the vagina and vulva (the female external sexual organs)

Invasive fungal infections


Invasive fungal infections are a less common, but more serious, type of fungal infection. They are infections that occur deep inside the body’s tissue or in one of the organs, such as in the:


  • brain – for example, fungal meningitis, where a fungus causes an infection of the protective membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord

  • lungs – for example, aspergillosis, which is a lung infection caused by a fungal mould called aspergillus

People with a weakened immune system (the body’s natural defence system) are particularly vulnerable to invasive fungal infections. Those at risk include:


  • people with HIV and AIDS

  • people having high-dose chemotherapy to treat cancer

  • people who are taking immunosuppresants – medicines to suppress the immune system (the body’s natural defence against infection and illness), often used after an organ transplant

How antifungal medicines work


Antifungal medicines work by either:


  • killing the fungal cells – for example, by affecting a substance in the cell wall, causing the contents of the cell to leak out and the cell to die

  • preventing the fungal cells from growing and reproducing

Types of antifungal medicines


Antifungal medicines are used in several ways, depending on your specific fungal infection. The main types of antifungal medicines include:


  • topical antifungals, applied to the skin, hair or nails

  • oral antifungals, swallowed in capsule, pill or liquid form

  • intravenous antifungals, injected into your bloodstream

Read more about the types of antifungal medicines.


Things to consider


Before taking antifungal medicines, there are various things to consider, such as any existing conditions or allergies that may affect your treatment for fungal infection.


Read more about special considerations for antifungal medicines.


Side effects


As with all medicines, antifungal medicines have side effects. These depend on the type of medication you’re taking. In most cases, the side effects are mild and only last a short time, but there are rare cases of more serious problems.


Common side effects include:


In rare cases, liver damage can occur as a result of using antifungal medicines.


Read more about the side effects of antifungal medicines.


Interactions with other medicines


When two or more medicines are taken at the same time, they can sometimes affect how each other works, this is known as interaction.


There are several medicines that can interact with antifungal medicines.


Read more about medicines that can interact with antifungal medicines.


Dosage


Your GP or pharmacist should advise on how to take or use your antifungal medicine. For further information, see the patient information leaflet that comes with your medicine or the Medicines information tab above.


Speak to your GP or pharmacist if you take too much of your antifungal medicine. You may be advised to visit your nearest hospital’s accident and emergency (A&E) department. If you are advised to go to hospital, take the medication’s packaging with you so that the healthcare professionals who treat you know what you have taken.



Overview of Antifungal medicines